Ebony

 I accept my null hypothesis: The new null hypothesis: The modern chemically industrial method of aspirin does not produce a 100 % yield and high purity of aspirin

Because the aspirin which i produced did not produce 100% yield and a high purity this is beacuse you can not produce 100% yield and a high purity as there will always be impurities in the aspirin when producing aspirin in a laboratory due to external factors. Due to insufficient time the aspirin was not recyrstalised and therefore conatined many by products. The solvent itself acts as an impurity when used during recyrstialistion.

I did not compelete what I intended to do because there was complications throughout the experiment which resulted in a non-compeltion of the second part of the experiment and a non-compeltion of recystalising the organic compound in the first part of the experiment. However I did produce an organic compound of aspirin with few impurites and by products present and there was a sufficient amount of aspirin produced to carry out all the relevant tests on the organic compound. The organic compound which i produced is not up to the same standards of modern aspirin, but in the industry the production of aspirin is monitored very closely with maximum control of every element and method used to produce a high yield and purity, even aspirin made industrialy does not produce 100% yield, because even a clean production can contain minute by products.

The values shown above are the average results gained from the 5 samples I produced of the organic compound aspirin. The measure of central tendency used was the mean. The advantages of using the mean as the central tendency are that it uses every value in the data so it is a good representative of the entire data. Repeated samples drawn from the same population tend to have similar means. The mean is closely related to standard deviation, the most common measure of dispersion.

The most important disadvantage of using the mean as a central tendency is that it is sensitive to extreme values/outliers/anomalies, especially when the sample size is small; therefore it is not an appropriate measure of central tendency for a skewed distribution. The Mean cannot be calculated for nominal or non-nominal ordinal data. Even though mean can be calculated for numerical ordinal data, the majority of the time it does not give a meaningful value.

These results show that average % yield of the organic compound which I produced was 66.6% which is not 100% therefore the product produced contains impurities and by products, the melting temperature of aspirin is 137^o C, therefore the organic compound which I produced is not exactly aspirin as it is not pure, because the melting temperature of my organic compound is 124.2 ^o C and not close to 137 ^o C, the compound does therefore not reflect a true reflection of aspirin, this is also shown in the %yield as it is not 100% .

The Rf values below show the results from a TLC with the aspirin I produced against an Aspirin tablet.

By looking at the TLC it shows that my organic compound is similar to an aspirin tablet as the distance travelled by the substance of my organic compound is similar to that of the aspirin tablet.

Rf values from thin layer chromatography for the aspirin I made against an aspirin tablet. Rf A is the aspirin tablet Rf 1-5 is the samples of aspirin I made.

Rf values = distance travelled by substance/ distance travelled by solvent

Rf A = 5.8/7.3 cm’s = 0.794

Rf 1 = 6/7.3 cm’s = 0.822

Rf A = 6.4/7.3 cm’s = 0.877

Rf 2 = 6.5/7.3 cm’s = 0.890

Rf 3 = 6.6/7.3 cm’s = 0.904

Rf A = 7/8.1 cm’s = 0.864

Rf 4 =7.1/8.1 cm’s = 0.877

Rf 5 =7.1/8.1 cm’s = 0.877

The titration shows that the mean values of my organic compounds is 11.02 cm³ and the titration for the pure aspirin tablet is 10.55 cm³ this indicates that the organic compound which I produced had impurities and by products as the titrations for my organic compound and an aspirin tablet are not within 0.1 cm³ of each other.